Dry laying on gravel over a concrete base is recommended for applications such as garden landscaping, patios, courtyards, walkways and terraces. This method enables good drainage via the joints between the slabs and permits drainage of water through the gravel.
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Step One
After defining the area to be excavated, mark the perimeter using wooden or steel marker posts connected by a string. Note that the excavated area should be extended on all sides by approx. 6”-8” to ensure stability at the outer edges of the paved area.
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Step Two
Remove the soil inside the marked area using a shovel or excavator. The depth of excavation will depend on several factors including the anticipated loading, the drainage capacity of the soil and the soil conditions in general.
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Step Three
Using a rake or shovel, level the excavated area and ensure there is at least 2% slope for good drainage. Compact the soil with a vibro compactor.
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Step Four
Pour a base layer of concrete. First, lay welded reinforcing mesh over the area and pour a layer of concrete aggregate of thickness 4”-8” depending on the anticipated loading. The slab should be laid with a slope of 2-5% for drainage.
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Step Five
After the concrete has set, lay a waterproof sheet over the concrete.
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Step Six
To improve drainage, a honeycomb mat may be placed over the waterproofing sheet.
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Step Seven
Install a curb or restraining edge around the entire perimeter unless it is in direct contact with a footpath, wall or an existing edge that is sufficiently rigid. The perimeter wall should be fixed to the concrete base with mechanical fixing devices. If possible, at least half the height of the restraining edge should be covered with soil on the external side of the paved area.
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Step Eight
Lay a 4”-12” thick layer of ¾” aggregate, depending on the intended use, on top of the honeycomb mat. For greater stability, mix gravel with 5% cement and a small amount of water.
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Step Nine
Add a final bedding layer of approx. 3/8” gravel to a thickness of 2” and compact with a vibro compactor.
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Step Ten
Level the surface by sliding a wood or steel board placed on two parallel runners across the entire area, ensuring there is a slope of approx. 2%.
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Step Eleven
Taking care not to disturb the gravel bed, lay the pavers using 3/16” min. spacers. Carefully tap the pavers with a rubber mallet to ensure they are not rocking on the gravel bed and that they are level with each other.
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